Responsibilities of the Human Resources Department :: Human Resources Essays

It is the responsibility of the human resources department to ensure that the organisation recruits the correct rung and that the staffs are trained to ensure that the business come tos its aims and annual targets. Our function is absolutely central to the success of the business. Sometimes in human resources there has to be disciplinary for staff and termination of contracts. What is important is that all staff members are treated fairly and in line with company policy. The Human Resources Department are liable for four main functions Human Resources Planning Recruitment and Selection Training and Development Performance Management. (Needham and Dransfield, 2000) Human resources planning- is a critical part of any managers job. To indorsement a fully staffed business of productive employees, managers must take the time to plan how their organisation should be structured, establish the grade level and pillow slips of employees needed to realize the organisations aims, regard the employees developmental requirements, and take into account probable changes due to workload shifts. (www.web.lmi.org/acqbook/planning/, 2003) To avoid staff losses a plan should be presented in advance for long-term absences due to training or medical needs and the time needed to fill important positions. Although it is difficult to anticipate specific losses, general patterns can be recognized. The manager should consider typical patterns of separation, such as retirements and turnover, in their workforce planning. (www.web.lmi.org/acqbook/planning/, 2003) Effective workforce planning will jockstrap predict the human resource needs of the organisation, including long and short-term skills recruitment needs, training and development needs, restructuring, outsourcing, and diversity opportunities. (www.web.lmi.org/acqbook/planning/, 2003) Recruitment and Selection- is the ongoing process of marketing, l ocating, and attracting high-quality candidates to meet current and anticipated employment needs. Recruiting is everyones responsibility, including employees, managers, supervisors, and personnel specialists. A formal recruitment program requires the full support of both personnel and functional managers. Regardless of the type of position to be filled, every recruitment

Malnutrition of African Students :: Poverty Starvation Africa Essays

Malnutrition of African StudentsIn this paper, I shall discuss the effects of malnutrition of children in Africa and the effect it has on their school performance. I will also examine what has been make to remedy the problem of starvation and the long road ahead to solve this issue. I believe this problem is very serious and should not be everyplace looked by other countries.So many a(prenominal) children wake up hungry and go to bed famished in Africa. Their days are hard to admit by means of and the idea of going to school and having to concentrate is almost an impossible task. Many children admit no energy and lose the ambition to get an training. An manikin I open up while researching was of a young girl named Kede Fatuma, who is a starving child living(a) in Ethiopia who once took pride in her education and her gigantic ability as a runner. These days, however, food is scarce in Dere Kiltu. Kede, 10, has neither the time nor the strength to keep up with her running. In fact, she no longstanding goes to school at all. Instead, she uses her limited energy to help her family collect water, an effort that quests a two-hour walk to the nearest stream (www.washingtonpost.com). This is an example that is sadly true of many children living in Africa. In recent studies, they have shown that those children who eat a healthy breakfast to start off their day are proven to have higher(prenominal) test scores, stay alert through out the school day, are able to concentrate, and are more likely to attend school. So as a result of having a balanced diet, children are able to retain more information and learn more in the end. In the subjects of math and perception which involve a lot of concentration, Africa was shown to have very low scores as compared to other countries that are not strickenby hunger and poverty. In a study done on one school in Zimbabwe, they found that many of the students in the class were continuously falling asleep. The reason they fo und for this was enfeeblement caused by lack of food. The majority of the children only(prenominal) receive one meal a day. Other poorer children beg their neighbors for food and often receive only a small portion of cornmeal. Hunger affects many parts of Africa and it is a growing problem that is the cause of many deaths each year.Malnutrition of African Students Poverty starvation Africa EssaysMalnutrition of African StudentsIn this paper, I shall discuss the effects of malnutrition of children in Africa and the effect it has on their school performance. I will also examine what has been done to improve the problem of starvation and the long road ahead to solve this issue. I believe this problem is very serious and should not be over looked by other countries.So many children wake up hungry and go to bed famished in Africa. Their days are hard to get through and the idea of going to school and having to concentrate is almost an impossible task. Many children have no energy an d lose the ambition to get an education. An example I found while researching was of a young girl named Kede Fatuma, who is a starving child living in Ethiopia who once took pride in her education and her great ability as a runner. These days, however, food is scarce in Dere Kiltu. Kede, 10, has neither the time nor the strength to keep up with her running. In fact, she no longer goes to school at all. Instead, she uses her limited energy to help her family collect water, an effort that involves a two-hour walk to the nearest stream (www.washingtonpost.com). This is an example that is sadly true of many children living in Africa. In recent studies, they have shown that those children who eat a healthy breakfast to start off their day are proven to have higher test scores, stay alert through out the school day, are able to concentrate, and are more likely to attend school. So as a result of having a balanced diet, children are able to retain more information and learn more in the end . In the subjects of math and science which involve a lot of concentration, Africa was shown to have very low scores as compared to other countries that are not strickenby hunger and poverty. In a study done on one school in Zimbabwe, they found that many of the students in the class were continuously falling asleep. The reason they found for this was exhaustion caused by lack of food. The majority of the children only receive one meal a day. Other poorer children beg their neighbors for food and often receive only a small portion of cornmeal. Hunger affects many parts of Africa and it is a growing problem that is the cause of many deaths each year.

Study of William Blake’s Poems of Experience :: English Literature

Study of William Blakes Poems of ExperienceMost of William Blakes poetry that I have studied has had a majortheme or themes much(prenominal) as religion or oppression and usually his poetrysalso use symbolism to get across the point. I am going to study side by side(predicate) two poems The Tiger and A Poison Tree.The Tiger is a actually famous poem and is one of the more popular poemswritten by Blake. I feel that the poem is about religion, creationand the French Revolution, which took place in France around the time,that Blake was writing these poems. I think that the Tiger itself isa personification of evil, which you could judge is the FrenchRevolution as many Europeans thought that the revolution was an evilthing. The animal, the Tiger is also a very strong, ferocious animalthat hunts its prey very well. Again there are connections with therevolution, which was very strong and ferocious and did not stop untilit got what it wanted like a tiger doesnt stop until it gets itspre y.The poem starts of by saying that the Tiger is burning, which Ithinks means that the revolution is alive and burning. The wordburning gives a slow but steady intuitive feeling so that it makes the readerthink that the revolution is alive but it has not yet hit full forceand is just biding its time before it displace make that crucial hit. Thefirst verse ends by as ability a question What immortal hand or eye couldframe thy fearful symmetricalness. I think that this refers to how quicklythe revolution got out of control and who could possibly control itafter that. Many other countries joined in to help the king of Francebut were they enough to stop the revolution?Through the second, third and fourth verses Blake gives a very strongimage of the Tiger being created possibly by God himself. Blakeuses phrases such as sinews of thy heart, which gives a feeling of avery strong and unforgiving thing being produced. Then he moves on tospeak of what tools could have created the Tiger and Blake mentionstools such as a hammer, a furnace and an anvil which are all toolsused in forging metal and cogent industry such as that. This gives thereader a sense of the Tiger being very strong and tough. Also theimage of a furnace burning relates ski binding to the revolution burning andit makes me think of things which you dont touch or go near as theyare very dangerous. This could be related to the dangerousness of the

Multiculturalism in Mother Tongue, Memorial Day and Multiculturalism, a

Multiculturalism in Mother Tongue, Memorial Day and Multiculturalism, and College Writing As an American it is very important to understand the different concepts of concentration and multiculturalism. It is these terms that differ wholeness person from everybody else in some kind of way. Multiculturalism is a term that is just what it sounds like. It is including several cultures. According to the American Heritage dictionary, multiculturalism is a social or educational theory or program that encourages interest in many cultures within a society rather than in solitary(prenominal) one mainstream culture. Assimilation is the exact opposite of what multiculturalism is. Assimilation is described to be where a minority group gradually adopts the customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture. So how does one decide whether to believe in assimilation or multiculturalism? Well the truth to that question is that there really is no direct correct belief. It all depen ds on the person. On how their past was like, who their parents are and where they came from. Some of the greater issues that come up when talking about assimilation versus multiculturalism are language, literacy, power, and difference in American culture. Amy Tans discipline titled Mother Tongue , Thomas Brays Memorial Day and multiculturalism , and Maxine Hairstons College Writing teachings are amongst one of the most appropriate in addressing the issues of multiculturalism and assimilation. One of the greatest differences in American culture right now is language. This is because volume come from all sorts of different countries into America and only know how to speak their own native language. more people come over to America to work here... ...most people in American fix come together to form a part of assimilation however not to its fullest. Although people are proud to keep their American culture and initiate with it as much as possible, I feel that peo ple must not forget their own personal heritage from where they were born. The Idea of assimilation for me is just as important as multiculturalism. I will be just as proud to learn and follow in the English language, as I will be to remember all that I have been taught about my Russian culture. Works Cited Bray Thomas. Memorial Day and Multiculturalism, Detroit News 24 May 1998 Tan Amy. Mother Tongue. Border text cultural reading for contemporary writers Ed. Randal Bass. Boston Houghton- Mifflin, 1999 Hairston Maxine. College Writing . College Composition and Communication 43.2. University of Texas, 1992

Computer Linguistics and Philosophical Interpretation :: Technology Philosophy Essays

Computer Linguistics and Philosophical InterpretationABSTRACT This radical reports a procedure which I employed with two computational research instruments, the Index Thomisticus and its companion St. Thomas CD-ROM, in order to research the Thomistic axiom, whatever is real is have according to the mode of the receiver. My procedure extends to the lexicological methods developed by the pioneering creator of the Index, Roberto Busa, from single terms to a proposition. More importantly, the physical composition shows how the emerging results of the lexicological searches guided my administration of a philosophical thesis ab reveal the axioms import for Aquinass existential metaphysics. One day in 1949, when the computer was understood in its infancy, a young Jesuit knocked at the door of an decision maker of I.B.M., and explained that he wanted to put the corpus of Thomas Aquinass literary works on computer. He wanted, moreover, to number each word, as well as to identify and t ag each as the mastermindulate of its proper lemma. He wanted, in short, a complete graphico-syntatical systemization of all the words Aquinas ever wrote. As data was assuage being entered into computers by means of the long since forgotten punch-card, this I.B.M. executive was respectfully but decidedly sceptical ab step to the fore the tenability, if not the use, of such a project. Roberto Busa respectfully but decidedly reassured him that if I.B.M. would but supply the technology, Busa himself would earn to the rest. And so he did. Over two decades and millions of punch-cards later, there began to emerge into the light of day the Index Thomisticus, the second largest publication of this century. The next step was to figure out what to do with it.Busas pioneering Index has kept pace with the computers hypertrophic evolution even to the present day, its latest reincarnation being in the form of the St. Thomas CD-ROM. (1) In this talk, I want to describe how I went about utilizi ng the Index Thomisticus and its companion St. Thomas CD-ROM to conduct a systematic and all-round(prenominal) search of Thomass writings for a certain Scholastic axiom. I hope in this way to offer a model for a philosophical use of computational linguistics, and to show how the emerging results of my lexicological research guided my organisation of a philosophical thesis about the axioms import. Following Busa, I bird tender the procedures I used lexicological in that they delineate and clarify one part of the active lexicon of Aquinas through use of the Index Thomisticus as the complete graphico-syntactic rationalization of all the words in his writings.Computer Linguistics and Philosophical Interpretation Technology Philosophy EssaysComputer Linguistics and Philosophical InterpretationABSTRACT This paper reports a procedure which I employed with two computational research instruments, the Index Thomisticus and its companion St. Thomas CD-ROM, in order to research the Thomi stic axiom, whatever is received is received according to the mode of the receiver. My procedure extends to the lexicological methods developed by the pioneering creator of the Index, Roberto Busa, from single terms to a proposition. More importantly, the paper shows how the emerging results of the lexicological searches guided my formation of a philosophical thesis about the axioms import for Aquinass existential metaphysics. One day in 1949, when the computer was still in its infancy, a young Jesuit knocked at the door of an executive of I.B.M., and explained that he wanted to put the corpus of Thomas Aquinass writings on computer. He wanted, moreover, to number each word, as well as to identify and tag each as the form of its proper lemma. He wanted, in short, a complete graphico-syntatical systemization of all the words Aquinas ever wrote. As data was still being entered into computers by means of the long since forgotten punch-card, this I.B.M. executive was respectfully but de cidedly sceptical about the tenability, if not the use, of such a project. Roberto Busa respectfully but decidedly reassured him that if I.B.M. would but supply the technology, Busa himself would project to the rest. And so he did. Over two decades and millions of punch-cards later, there began to emerge into the light of day the Index Thomisticus, the second largest publication of this century. The next step was to figure out what to do with it.Busas pioneering Index has kept pace with the computers hypertrophic evolution even to the present day, its latest reincarnation being in the form of the St. Thomas CD-ROM. (1) In this talk, I want to describe how I went about utilizing the Index Thomisticus and its companion St. Thomas CD-ROM to conduct a systematic and comp search of Thomass writings for a certain Scholastic axiom. I hope in this way to offer a model for a philosophical use of computational linguistics, and to show how the emerging results of my lexicological research gu ided my formation of a philosophical thesis about the axioms import. Following Busa, I call the procedures I used lexicological in that they delineate and clarify one part of the active lexicon of Aquinas through use of the Index Thomisticus as the complete graphico-syntactic systematization of all the words in his writings.

Computer Linguistics and Philosophical Interpretation :: Technology Philosophy Essays

Computer Linguistics and Philosophical variantABSTRACT This paper reports a procedure which I employed with two computational query instruments, the Index Thomisticus and its companion St. Thomas CD-ROM, in order to search the Thomistic axiom, whatever is received is received according to the mode of the receiver. My procedure extends to the lexicological methods developed by the pioneering author of the Index, Roberto Busa, from single terms to a proposition. More eventantly, the paper shows how the emerging results of the lexicological searches channelise my formation of a philosophical thesis more or less the axioms present moment for Aquinass existential metaphysics. One day in 1949, when the computer was still in its infancy, a young Jesuit knocked at the door of an decision maker of I.B.M., and explained that he wanted to put the corpus of Thomas Aquinass writings on computer. He wanted, moreover, to number each word, as well as to identify and tag each as the form of its proper lemma. He wanted, in short, a complete graphico-syntatical systemization of all the words Aquinas ever wrote. As data was still being entered into computers by means of the long since forgotten punch-card, this I.B.M. administrator was respectfully but decidedly sceptical almost the tenability, if not the use, of much(prenominal) a project. Roberto Busa respectfully but decidedly reassured him that if I.B.M. would but supply the technology, Busa himself would see to the rest. And so he did. Over two decades and millions of punch-cards later, there began to emerge into the send off of day the Index Thomisticus, the second largest publication of this century. The next step was to figure out what to do with it.Busas pioneering Index has kept pace with the computers hypertrophic evolution even to the present day, its latest reincarnation being in the form of the St. Thomas CD-ROM. (1) In this talk, I want to describe how I went about utilizing the Index Thomisticus and it s companion St. Thomas CD-ROM to conduct a systematic and comprehensive search of Thomass writings for a certain pedant axiom. I hope in this way to offer a model for a philosophical use of computational linguistics, and to show how the emerging results of my lexicological research point my formation of a philosophical thesis about the axioms import. Following Busa, I call the procedures I used lexicological in that they delineate and clarify one subtract of the active lexicon of Aquinas through use of the Index Thomisticus as the complete graphico-syntactic systematization of all the words in his writings.Computer Linguistics and Philosophical Interpretation Technology Philosophy EssaysComputer Linguistics and Philosophical InterpretationABSTRACT This paper reports a procedure which I employed with two computational research instruments, the Index Thomisticus and its companion St. Thomas CD-ROM, in order to research the Thomistic axiom, whatever is received is received accord ing to the mode of the receiver. My procedure extends to the lexicological methods developed by the pioneering source of the Index, Roberto Busa, from single terms to a proposition. More importantly, the paper shows how the emerging results of the lexicological searches guided my formation of a philosophical thesis about the axioms import for Aquinass existential metaphysics. One day in 1949, when the computer was still in its infancy, a young Jesuit knocked at the door of an executive of I.B.M., and explained that he wanted to put the corpus of Thomas Aquinass writings on computer. He wanted, moreover, to number each word, as well as to identify and tag each as the form of its proper lemma. He wanted, in short, a complete graphico-syntatical systemization of all the words Aquinas ever wrote. As data was still being entered into computers by means of the long since forgotten punch-card, this I.B.M. executive was respectfully but decidedly sceptical about the tenability, if not the use, of much(prenominal) a project. Roberto Busa respectfully but decidedly reassured him that if I.B.M. would but supply the technology, Busa himself would see to the rest. And so he did. Over two decades and millions of punch-cards later, there began to emerge into the depress of day the Index Thomisticus, the second largest publication of this century. The next step was to figure out what to do with it.Busas pioneering Index has kept pace with the computers hypertrophic evolution even to the present day, its latest reincarnation being in the form of the St. Thomas CD-ROM. (1) In this talk, I want to describe how I went about utilizing the Index Thomisticus and its companion St. Thomas CD-ROM to conduct a systematic and comprehensive search of Thomass writings for a certain pedant axiom. I hope in this way to offer a model for a philosophical use of computational linguistics, and to show how the emerging results of my lexicological research guided my formation of a philosophica l thesis about the axioms import. Following Busa, I call the procedures I used lexicological in that they delineate and clarify one dower of the active lexicon of Aquinas through use of the Index Thomisticus as the complete graphico-syntactic systematization of all the words in his writings.

An Report On Darlie Toothpaste’ S Integrated Marketing

1.0 INTRODUCTION1.1 AuthorizationThe CEO of the Haolai Company requested this report on 16, May. The purpose of this report is to provide an analysis of Darlie toothpastes received merchandise situation and integrated market communication program (IMC). It aims to create a refreshful promotional tool to for the tar energize market.1. 2 LimitationsTherere near limitations in the production of the report. To begin with, theres non oftentimes information ab bug out the Darlies company skunk be found in the web. I just can find the Haolai Company is a chemical industry company.Besides, there is also not much information about the Darlie toothpaste in some authority business magazines and books. Sometimes, I just make a realistic assumption. 1. 3 Scope The scope of the report limited to integrated marketing communication in five atomic number 18as the current marketing situation analysis, the utilize IMC program analysis, the IMC plans will be developed, media plan and some reco mmendations for the Darlie toothpaste.2.0 BACKGROUND2.1 About the companyDarlie is a trademark of the worlds best oral care products manufacturer which is named Haolai chemical industry. In the 1930, the normal of Darlie was developed.At the beginning, Darlies production and operation is in the Kowloon, Hong Kong. In 1997, Darlie transferred both the toothpaste products from Hong Kong to the Chinese mainland. Today, the Darlie has beseem one of the best- sell brands in toothpaste market in China and south Asia.2. 2 About DarlieThe main products of Darlie are toothpaste and toothbrush. The c one timept of Darlie is healthy white dentition and pure bracing breath makes you every day full of confident smile. Darlieh has various kinds of toothpaste according to different effects too satisfy the different inescapably of consumers.It has four Series fresh breath, teeth whitening, anti-sensitivity and for children.2. 3 Competitor analysisIn the current toothpaste market, it exits many competitors such(prenominal) as treetop, Colgate, China, bamboo salt, Amway and so on. Analyzing Crest, it is one brand of Procter & Gamble which was born(p) in 1955. Its famous for excellent high-decay toothpaste. And it is the first to be recognized by the world authority on oral-organization the American Dental Association (ADA) decay toothpaste. liken with Darlie, Crests market share occupy all over the world not just Asia.In June 1996, Crest came to China and after one year, it has already been known by everybody in China. The brand concept of Crest is keep your smile healthy and beautiful . There are two types of Crest toothpaste serial publication of healthy and series of whitening. Besides, every type of Crest has different products. For toothpaste, Crest has the similar benefits with Darlie such whitening, fresh breath and so on. But the most famous benefit of Crest toothpaste is preventing tooth decay and protecting tooth effectively. About Crest s promotion, ad vert on television and internet are the main ways.But crest has advantages of Darlie, because crests advertisement is high-frequency.2.4 Target marketThe toothpaste market can be segment into different parts on the basis of geographic, demographic, psychologic and behavior variables. According to Hawkins, Mothersbaugh & Best (2007, p16) Perhaps the most important marketing decision is a firm makes is the selection of one or more market segments on which to focus. Firstly, Darlie toothpaste is in consumers good graces in Southeast Asia because of its advanced technology and unique recipe of product.Besides, it is popular in coastland of Guangdong province. On the side of demographic, there are not many citizenry know the brand name and features of Darlie In addition, females will feed more attention on choosing toothpaste than males. In terms of psychological, consumers individuation demand is increasing with the development of economy and technology. In other words, consumers pur sue new feelings, health, white, spirit and useful in the modern society. Moreover, young consumers prefer to the multi-functional toothpaste which can provide special feelings like tea fragrance.From the perspective of behavioral, toothpastes are necessary products in mountains daily life and consumers will acquire toothpastes routinely. Besides, young consumers will choose the new products and abroad brands because of their individuation demand. Furthermore, spinsterhood will buy fewer products once than married people and promotion methods affect consumers heavily. In this report, the target market focus on the consumers who like the tea fragrance and want to fresh breath.2. 5 The Darlie toothpastes lieu strategyThere are five competitive advantages for Darlie. Firstly, it has a good management system. Darlie encourages its employees to innovate with a reasonable remuneration and reward. It can motivate the employees to work out the new technology to enrich the products. Seco ndly, Darlie is good at research and development. As the necessarily of consumers are changing quickly, so it often makes the change of products like in quality, style and shape, and it continue to introduce new products to meet customer call for. In addition, Darlie has a strong channel advantage.It not only has distri providedion channels and end-channels, but also has a geographic strategy, so that it can sale the products through different ways in different areas. Besides, quality service is another forte for Darlie. The good service will shorten the checkout process and satisfy the consumers pauperizations, and then makes the customers have a good memory to the products. Last but not the least, freshen breath is Darlies important characteristic. Many people think that freshen breath is an important function of toothpaste (2011).The main function of Darlie toothpaste is breath fresh, so that it will have a fixed group customer.3.0 IMC PROGRAM3. 1 The promotional elements mix There are six elements in IMC mix advertize, sales promotion, personal selling, publicity, internet marketing and adopt marketing. Darlie uses three elements of promotional mix in current market, which is advertising, sales promotion and internet/interactive marketing. Firstly, advertising is Darlies main way of promotion. It uses mass media such as TV, radio, magazine, newspapers to attract consumers. The most important promotional tool of Darile is TV advertisements.Darile input much money in inviting stars as its spokesperson. Besides, it also spends a solidifying of money on broadcasting TV advertising. For Darile, advertising is a valuable tool for targeting mass consumer market. Secondly, in the promotional mix is sales promotion. Darile also has two major categories consumer-oriented and trade-oriented activities. In supermarket, businessmen always use coupons, samples, premiums, rebates, contests to stimulate short-term sales. And in the current, Darile has many different selling ways such as wholesalers, distribution, and retailers.The trey variable in the promotional mix is interactive/ internet marketing, which changes by the development of technology. For Darile, in traditional market, consumers only get information from advertising and buy toothpastes and toothbrush in supermarket and stores. But now Darile advertise their products on the websites. Consumers can purchase the products on the Internet or by the telephone. Then the products can be de lived to your home directly. Besides, if the consumers have some inquiries or questions, they can call the customer service Hartline or in online message.The interactive/internet marketing brings many advantages to Darlies promotion.3. 2 The low- intricacy power structureAs toothpaste is usually used in peoples daily life, so Darlie is belonging to the low-involvement hierarchy of customer response process. The sequence of low-involvement hierarchy is learn-do feel. It bear onr that the involvement in buying Darlie is low and the customers are viewed as passing from cognition to behavior to attitude.3. 3 IMC objectivesDarile has three promotional mix elements are being used for IMC objectives based on the response process.As Mothersbaugh & Best (2007, p 8) explansIntegrate marketing communications involves coordinating the various promotional elements and other marketing activities that communicate with a firms customers. At first, advertising is a valuable tool for building brand equity. Dariles advertising transfer the name, logo, symbols, design, packaging and performance to consumers. Because Darile is low-involvement hierarchy of customer response process, it needs faithful relationship to repeat purchase. Secondly, sales promotion is a shift marketplace power from manufacturers to retailers.People can buy Darlies products in local retails such as Wal-Mart. And the retailers have more promotional tools than manufacturers to sell. Thirdly,The business of Darlie change fr om traditional market to Internet with the rapid growth of technology. Besides, traditional media advertising in TV or broadcast is replaced by internet advertising.4. 0 DEVELP THE IMC PLAN4. 1 New promotional toolPersonal selling is as a new promotional tool for Darlie toothpaste. Unlike advertising, personal selling is face-to-face communication between buyers and sellers.In this report, the target consumers of Darlie is people who like tea aroma and want to fresh breath. The Personal contact in selling focuses more on consumers specific need or situation than other promotional tools. Sellers can communicate with the target consumers through telephone, QQ, MSN and email to know their needs and give services. It is more flexible and convenient. Besides, Personal selling also is good to get feedback to modify the types of products according to different needs. For example, if the person has Gums bleeding, sell g the Anti-allergic Darlie toothpaste.And in this way, it can build loyal customer relationships and Brand loyalty.4. 2 Major selling ideaDarlies ideal market share occupy overall all the ages of the consumers. But In current intense toothpaste competitive market in China, it is impossible. Comparing with the other competitor such as Crest, Amway, China, the central theme of Darlie toothpaste is fresh breath. And the target market is the person who like tea aroma. Before selling, sellers can make a questionnaire for analyzing the toothpaste market. Darcie can develop specific taste and might of toothpaste, according to the customers dental health and taste preferences.And the seller s also needs to provide good after-sales service for audiences. They can send some new samples tell them some knowledge to protect teeth, and how to brush teeth correctly.5. 0 GREATIVE STRATEGY5. 1 Implementation of the notional strategyThe creative strategy including advertising appeal, execution style, creative maneuver, and media vehicle can be used in development and im plementation of an advertising message. Advertising appeal has two categories information/rational appeals and emotional appeals.In install to emphasize the Darlie toothpastes feature of fresh breath and transfer the fragrance of tea of Darlie toothpaste to the consumers, information/rational appeal of advertisement is better. Using the advertising appeal, people will know more about Darlie toothpaste not only the brand name but also the specific feature. The creative execution style of the Darlie toothpaste is direct and concise. When people see the advertisement at first glance, they can recognize the brand of the Darlie toothpaste. And it is also beautiful, which make people feel fresh and cool. Creative tactics is used to design the actual advertisement.It has two different types for print advertising and for television. In this report, the picture is designed for print advertising. Firstly, the background of the print is Danas. And in trammel morning, fog around the Danas, wh ich makes people feel fresh. Secondly, it uses the direct headlines, Daile toothpaste, and the fragrance of tea. It is in the top of the print, which is not very big. As Mothersbaugh & Best (2007, p 311) they are often more effective at attracting reads attention and interest because they provoke curiosity and lure readers into the body copy to learn an answer or get explanation. On the left of the words, it is a small teapot. And on the right, it is a new design Darile toothpaste.The Chinese cha xiang and English words the fragrance of tea print on the body of the toothpaste. It also has the symbol of Darlie, a head portrait. Secondly, in this print, the body copy is the main point. The picture shows that a toothbrush sends out a ray of tea aroma. And the most important is that the tea aroma uses a figure of teapot. And in the teapot, it prints One Chinese wordchawhich is written by Chinese style. This advertisement can be used to two media vehicles, the print media and the suppor t media.Magazines and newspapers are two types of the print media. And there are many types of the support media, like outdoor(prenominal) advertising, aerial advertising, transit advertising, promotional products, and yellow pages advertising and so on. The designed picture can be enlarged or narrowed according to different sizes.5. 2 Evaluation of the creative strategyIn this report, the target consumers of Darlie is people who like tea aroma and want to fresh breath. And Darlie toothpaste is belonging to the low-involvement hierarchy of customer response process.It means that the involvement in buying Darlie is low. Besides, Haolai Company is not as well-funded as Procter & Gamble. So it does not have enough funds to input in advertisement. So this creative strategy for print advertising has its own advantages and disadvantages. First at all, the tea fragrance of Darlie toothpaste is one of the most important advantages. It is a specific smelling and taste which other toothpast es have. It has good effects on creating awareness among the target market. Besides, the advertisements on magazines can be accepted by consumers more easily.Most audiences pay much attention to the magazine when they read it. Toothpaste is a low-involvement product, while magazines can express the information about the product to the target market effectively. In addition, it saves the cost. It does not need Celebrity endorsements and TV ads, which is expensive. While there are also some disadvantages. One of the disadvantages is current market saturation. Too many companies select to use advertising medium. The Darlie toothpastes promotional products may be ignored by consumers. Besides, TV ads appear more frequent than print adverting.The print ads can not strickle the consumers repeat by repeat in a short time. Moreover, it lacks of the effect of celebrity, which make low brand loyalty.6.0 CONCLUSIONSAfter analyzing the current market of the Darlie toothpaste, it can be reason out that6.1 The current marketing situation of Darlie toothpaste, the including the background about the company, market share, the introduction about the product , competitive analysis, the Darlie toothpastes target market and Darlies positioning strategy.6. 2 Three promotional elements of the IMC mix have been used in the report.Advertising, sales promotion and interactive/ internet marketing, the IMC program such as the low-involvement hierarchy and the Darlie toothpastes IMC objectives have been discussed in the report.6.3 Developing the Darlie toothpastes IMC plan. New promotional tool and major selling idea has been made.6.4 Implementation and evaluation of the creative strategy7.0 RECOMMENDATIONIt is recommended that7. 1 As a low-involvement product, the company should pay more attention to the brand when advertising on mass media.7. 2 Personal selling is as a new promotional tool for Darlie toothpaste.The company should strength the communication between consumers and selle rs.7. 3 Free samples and bundling can be used. And the company can promote the toothbrushes in the supermarkets by setting an experience place for attract more consumers. The company should develop specific taste and efficacy of toothpaste, according to the customers dental health and taste preferences. Besides, good after-sales service for audiences is necessary.7. 4 The new creative strategy for print advertising can be used. It can build the Darlie toothpastes role of fresh breath.

Energy Needs Essay

Fracking or hydraulic fracturing is a method used to extract valuable gasses from rock formations in the earth. Some of these gasses include shale gas, tight gas and petroleum. In S step uph Africa fracking is used to extract shale gas in the Karoo.Shale gas is a natural gas that forms when transfer is captured in rock formations under the ground. It is one of the main reasons why hydraulic fracturing is used. Shale gas is used especially in America. In 2000 shale gas made out one percent of Americas energy producers but in 2010 it replaced over 20% of Americas natural gas resources. There was claimed by experts that South Africa has the fifth biggest shale gas resources in the world while China has the biggest.There is hoped that this gas could be an alternative resource of energy for South Africas growing need. That is why the eighteen-month moratorium for the use of fracking, to extract shale gas, was lifted. Even though this could be a great opportunity for our country the damag e caused to our environment would be far greater than the little energy it would produce.When fracking is used to extract this gas, water, harmful chemicals and sand is pumped into the fractures of the rock formation. Manmade machines mostly make these fractures that drill holes into the rocks over three 1000 meters deep. When this mixture of the water, sand and chemicals reach the shale rock formations hidroxide gasses are released inside the rock. These gases are than captured and used for the generation of electricity.No one slew say that fracking does not restrain a huge impact on the natural environment. Unluckily I am not too sure that it is a positive impact. The chemicals and toxins used in fracking are released into the scarceunderground water of the Karoo, making the water polluted and unusable. Harmful emissions are also released into the air when extracted causing a greenhouse onus on the environment. A study shows that 3,6 to 7,9% methane is released into the atmosp here after fracking has taken place. Even the use of shale gas causes air pollution. The fact that fracking causes allot of pollution cannot be missed. It was sluice banned in France because of all the pollution it would have made.Because of the negative effect of pollution on the environment, in this case air and water pollution, I cant understand why such a thing was allowed. For me as part of a new generation it is more important to use jazzy alternative energy rather than to use short-term solutions with financial benefit just to cause the earth to decline faster.

Assessor S Script

The tax assessor aft(prenominal) hearing the definition of NC II -? CSS, we can say that it is in truth important. It has its own importance and benefits like for example, work. Nowadays, if we would like to apply on a company, it impart serve as your weapon in applying. NC II CSS is accredited on foreign countries. NC II -? CSS is important because it forgeting give you additional knowledge and an advantage to challenges. The assessor Moving on, we are now going to tackle the middle Competencies of NC II CSS. There are 4 Units of Competencies. These are Install electronic com typeseter Systems and communicate Diagnose Com ordinateer Systems and NetworkConfigure estimator Systems and Network Maintain Computer Systems and Network Installing Computer Systems and Network This module will teach you how to install a single boot or a dual boot SO in one computer unit. Diagnose Computer Systems and Network -? This will teach you how to diagnose computer systems and network. It involves Assembly/Disassembly of a system where in you will be observe if you succeed the safety precautions and the proper handling of the parts of a system. Configuring Computer Systems and Network This module will teach you how to assemble computer systems and network.In this part also allows you to teach file sharing through network. In this part, you will do the cabling and what is the right pattern of cabling should be used. Maintain Computer Systems and Network This module will teach you how to maintain Computer systems and network. In this part, you will be interview. The Interview involves the different malfunctions or errors encountered in maintaining a computer. The tax assessor What are the things we should prepare? We have to prepare the following finishing Form Test Package Attendance Sheet Self-Assessment Guide cogency Assessment solution Summary Tools and EquipmentThe Assessor The Application Form was given to you ahead of this assessment. I will give it to yo u for you to recheck if you missed something. The assessor will now distribute the Application Form to its respective applicant. The Assessor will now guide the vista on modify up the Application Form. The Assessor Use BLACK ink only. The first thing you should to do is to sign the Applicants Signature. After that is the date that you have accomplished the form. Under that is the bid Of School where the assessment c inscribe is located, insure posture of the school and the Title of Assessment you have applied for.In this case you will put, NC II Computer Hardware Servicing. Under that is the susceptibilitys. It has two options which is Full Qualification of COCO. ensure the Full Qualification. near is the Client Type. Tick the DUVET Graduating Student. The Profile part consists of the Surname, First Name and Middle Name. Use Capital Letters only. Mailing Address consists of Number/ Street, Bargain, District, City, Province, Region and Zip Code. Fill up your Mothers Name, Fa thers Name and Sex. Check the Male Box if you are a boy and if girl, check the Female Box. Next is the Civil Status. Check ONE only.Contact Numbers, Highest Educational Attainment, check College Level. Birthrate, You should write in following format MM/AD/W and your Birthplace. Do not put the hospital but the CITY you were born. Put your Work Experience if you have. Name of the Company, Position, Inclusive Dates, Monthly Salary, Status of Appointment and Number of Years Working. Next is the new(prenominal) Training/Seminars Attended. The seminars that you should mention are on NATIONAL QUALIFICATION-RELATED. Next is Licenser Examinations that you had passed and Lastly The talent Assessments that you have passed.The Assessor Under the Application Form is the, Admission Slip. ravish cut the Admission Slip and Pass the Application Form to me. The assessor will collect the Application Form and leave the Admission Slip to the candidates. The assessor will now verify the information wr itten on the Application Form. If in that location are still information lacking, you will give it back to the candidate and let him fill up the missing information. If verification is done and no error is sighted, the assessor will now explain the proper procedures in filling up the information on the Admission Slip.The Assessor Do not write anything on the Reference Number. Leave it blank. Write your name on the Name of Applicant Field. Next is you Contact Number or Telephone Number. The Assessment you applied for is NC II CSS (Computer Hardware Servicing. The Official Receipt Number was given to you later you settle the payment for this assessment. revel indicate the date where you pay to the Date Issued side. On, the lower right portion of the slip, Write your name in PRINT and put your signature above it. Lastly, the date of your assessment should be indicated. The Assessor Any questions?If in that location are no questions, you can now proceed on checking of attendance. T he Assessor will now check your attendance. The assessor will now distribute the attendance to the candidates. The Assessor Let me remind you this, you can use blank ink only. Each attendance sheet will only accommodate 10 persons each. Each person will fill up 3 attendance sheets. The depend you have filled up on the attendance should be similar or the same to the corresponding attendance sheets. Let the candidates sign on the attendance sheet, compare the signatures of candidates on admission slip against the signature on the attendance sheet.The Assessor Here with me is the Self-Assessment Guide. This is an indication that you know and can perform all units of competence enumerated in this qualification. If you checked No at least one of these questions indicates that you are not competent. In every end qualifications, fill up the Candidates Name and the Date. Please read the instructions carefully and answer all the questions outlined in the document. Use black ink only. The A ssessor If you need assistance, I will be more than Willing to assist you. The self-assessment guide was given to the candidate by the processing officer of the assessment center.The competency assessor explains and guides the candidate in accomplishing the Self-Assessment Guide. After the candidate is through with accomplishing the Self-Assessment Guide, you will review the answers and will give feedback to the candidates. The Assessor Now, you are now going to fill up the Test Package and the Competency Assessment Result. Fill out the following fields, the Name of the Candidate, Date of Assessment and name Of Assessment Center. Avoid erasures and use black ink only. The assessor will now double check the fields of the candidates and let them ill out the lacking information and verifies it.The competency assessor orients/briefs the candidates. The assessor should explain the following. The Assessor What are the tools and equipment used in the assessment? In networking, you will use Crimping Tool, U TOP Cable and an RUG-45. You will be given o (2) RUG-ass. In Installing Computer System, you will use a CD and Computer Unit. Lastly, in Diagnose Computer System and Network, you will use a Computer System and a screw. Please handle the tools and equipment with care. If you unfortunately broke a tool or equipment, you will replace it with a new one.The Assessor As the in-charge person here, will set my Rules and Policies during Assessment Procedure. These are the rules The candidate can only left the assessment room if he or she has the consent of the assessor. No talking during assessment hours. Observe Silence. The Assessor Do you have any clarifications? If none, you can now designate different qualifications to the candidate. The Assessor Candidate 1, 2 and 3 will do the Installing Computer Systems and Network. Candidate 4, 5 and 6 will do the Diagnose Computer and Systems and Network. Candidate 7, 8 and 9 will do the Configure ComputerSystem s and Network and lastly, Candidate 10 will do the Maintain Computer Systems and Network. You now instruct Candidate 1 to enter the assessment room. (to be followed by Candidate 2, 3 etc. ). Provide the candidate with all materials, tools and equipment required to complete the tasks. At this point, you give the Specific instruction manual to the candidate clear and slowly. The Assessor From this point, I will give you the Specific Instructions. The Assessor Using the materials, tools and equipment, you are required to perform the tasks within hours. I will be observing you while you are performing the tasks.The Assessor After your demonstration, I will ask you questions related to your demonstration. The Assessor You may call me when there is a need for me to translate or explain items for clarification. The Assessor After the questioning portion, I will give you feedback about your performance. The Assessor Any questions/clarifications? If there are no more questions, you may start now. While the c andidate performs the activity you must remind or observe the candidate if he obey the safety precautions in doing a certain task. F one candidate is done on the task you designated, designate him a new ask.The Assessor You were (give the lovesome points of the candidate followed by the weak points) If the candidate was found to be competent say The Assessor You performed the tasks within the standard requirements of the Qualification. Note Present the CARS or the Competency Assessment Result to the candidate to affix his signature on the candidates signature portion. This is a proof that he accepts your assessment decision. If the candidate was found not insofar competent say The Assessor am sorry. You were not able to perform within the standard requirements of the Qualification.You have to review/practice the activities related to the competency requirements of the Qualification further. The Assessor You can only comeback if there is another schedule of assessment for you to re assess or when you feel confident enough that you have acquired the competence. Do not worry you will only be reassessed on the part of activity that you were found not yet competent. Proof that he accepts your assessment decision. accomplished the rating sheets and other documents and submit there to the Manager of the Assessment Center The Assessor Now you know the results, What are the requirements in lamming your NC II -? CSS Certificate?

Project Report on Coffee Behaviour

Westminster International University in Tashkent BSc in Economics with Finance 2012 2013 CW 1 (Element 2) Group Final Report CW 1 (Element 2) Group Final Report To be completed by the student Students ID number 00001477, 00001568, 00002099, 00001506 Module secern Research Methods Module law 2UZB503 Tutor Lobar Mukhamedova Individual assignment Group assignment Submission dead statement 04. 04. 2013 For Academic Registrar use only Contents Abstract3 Introduction3 Literature Review3 deep brown and hummer4 Coffee and Smoking cessation5 Coffee and intoxi firet5Coffee and forcible activity6 Coffee and Income6 Conclusion6 Research brain7 Research objectives7 Methodology7 Research draw near and design7 Research setting8 Study universe of discourse and take8 education Collection9 selective reading collection instrument9 Data collection subroutine9 Reliability and validity10 Reliability10 Validity10 Ethical considerations10 Conclusion10 Data11 Estimation and Results14 Concl usion and Recommendations16 Bibliography17 Appendix 119 Questionnaire instructions. 19 Instructions on how to complete the questionnaire19 Coffee questionnaire20 Personal information20 AbstractThe succeeding(a) paper discusses the main determinants of burnt umber tree outgo at Westminster International University in Tashkent. Determinants such as income of respondent, ethnicity, religion, weed habits and other factors are investigated. Data was collected victimization online manners of surveying and self-administrated questionnaires. Results proved to be significant and revealed a negative coefficient of correlation between drinking chocolate employment, active life-style and marital status. In course, prescribed correlation between drinking chocolate drug addiction income and age was embed. Other factors as ingest, religion, education eld proved to be insignificant.Introduction Being the third approximately postulated beverage in the world after water and tea l eaf, coffee is valued for its distinct aroma, flavor and energizing effect. Found in Ethiopia in the 9th century, coffee first became popular in the Arab world, was then promoted in Europe and consequently developed into one of the most traded commodities in the world(John K. Francis, 2007). World annual per capita enjoyment was equal to 1. 3 kg/ nearlyone in 2011. America and Europe are the largest coffee consumers on per capita basis, accounting for 3. 9 and 3. 7 kg/person respectively, in equation to Asian countries where the number constituted 0. kg/person (World visions Institute, 2011). Neverthe slight, the western coffee outlay habits are s junior-gradely starting to spread in Asia, especi all in ally in Uzbekistan, where coffee is considered as a fashionable hot drink rather than an everyday necessity. The purpose of both instant and insoluble coffeein Uzbekistan is limited to urban areas and is generally increasing on base with the rising living standards (Euromonit or, 2011). Further to a greater extent than, the rising number of coffee shops and the popularity of coffee houses such as Cafe Jum, Julius Meinl, Book Cafe, KafeKafe and Coffee Clubare good indicators of the growing popularity of coffee.Literature Review testify from various studies identify that living standards are not the only determinant of coffee consumption air. Smoking, gage cessation, alcohol, age, gender, level of somatic activity and income also blowout a sufficient role in ones consumption patterns. In their comprehensive look into on coffee and associated lifestyle factors published in 2010 Hewlett and Wadsworth listened a link between caffeinated drink consumption, sess and alcohol. The findings revealed that those drinking coffee were more likely to be smokers aged between 30 and 70.Another canvas on coffee consumption behavior in Karnataka, India published in 2008 by Varun indicated a positive correlation between education, family size and income on coffee d emand in urban areas, whereas in the rural areas, the price was the main determinant influencing consumption. The rationale for the linkage of the determinants and coffee consumption is reviewedand discussed belowbased on a wide-eyed range of researches and surveys. The studies concerning coffee consumption behaviorwere obtained from EBSCO, JStor, Emerald and Google Scholar selective informationbases.Those researches included in the literature review are published in English, report coffee consumption behavior show correlation with at to the lowest degree some of the lifestyle factors and deliver the goods a detailed review of the applied methodology and statistical analysis. Coffee and Smoking Seven studies concluded that higher cigarette consumption among persistent smokers is linked to highercoffee consumption. The investigation on coffee consumption patterns among army personnel byZavela et al. (1990) revealed a positive correlation between female cigarette and alcohol consum ption and male cigarette and coffee consumption.Furthermore, the researchers identified that non-smokers tend to be abstemious to coffee and alcohol consumption. In contrast, Koksal et al. (2011) in their pseudo-panel analysis of US household data came to the conclusion that that coffee consumption and consumption of cigarettes and alcohol are not correlated due to the statistical insignificance of the cross price elasticities of coffee. However,even though there is no serial complementary relation in the observed universe of discourse, the authors do not exclude the disaster that coffee and cigarettes are complements for some individuals. Studies by Salazar et al. and Garcia et al. hat analyzed the responses from some 120000 softenicipants both, stated that more than 50% of female smokers drank at least 6 cups of coffeeper day, whereas only 30% of smoking men consumed at least 6 cups of coffee on a daily basis. Digging even further into the research of the relation of smoking and coffee, Klesges et al. conducted a large epidemiologic figure out of view with more than 7500 respondents. The researchers labeled those consuming from one to four cigarettes per day as light smokers, those smoking from five to twenty cigarettes as check up on smokers and those smoking at least twenty one cigarettes per day as heavy smokers.Further analysis revealed that light and moderate smokers where 2. 34 and 2. 84 times more likely to drink coffee than non-smokers, whereas heavy smokers where 4. 23 times more likely to be coffee consumers. The comparison of the student ideal with the general public capture by Brice et al. illustrated that smokers in both seeks were likely to drink more coffee in comparison to non-smokers. In the student archetype (121 respondent) smokers on average consumed 76 mg more caffeine than their fellow non-smokers. In the general public sample (122 respondent) smokers consumed 92 mg more than non-smokers.The majority of the academic papers revealed a positive correlation between smoking and coffee consumption (except the Koksal et al. study). However, some of the mentioned preceding(prenominal) studies mogul be a subject to bias as most of the respondents were asked to self-report coffee consumption and smoking habits. Furthermore, studies by Zavela et al. and Brice et al. had small samples that did not completely represent the whole population and may therefore also be addressed as biased at some point. Nevertheless, despite the presented results, none of the researches, except for Benowitz et al. 2003) addressed the actual yard for the coffee/smoking relation. According to the researchers smokers prefer coffee due to the fact that smoking increases caffeine metabolism and coffee contains the highest its highest dose among all other beverages. In order to confirm the positive correlation between the amount of cigarettes smoked and coffee consumed it is important to research the reverse side of the relation. Do th ose people that forgo smoking consume less coffee? Coffee and Smoking cessation Several studies review the relation between smoking cessation and coffee consumption andall of them reveal a positive correlation.A cross-sectional study by Fernandez et al. threadd a total sample of 2621 respondents and found that lower coffee consumption was associated with quitting smoking. However, the results world power be effect-modified as the wellness reasons for quitting where not taken into consideration during data collection. The research on smoking relapse conducted by Krall et al. revealed that people who quit smoking but where drinking at least 6 cups of coffee daily where 2. 33 times more likely to start smoking again. A standardised study of 116 men by Kauffman et al. eviewed that those who dont drink a lot of coffee where 12 times more likely to quit smoking successfully. Furthermore, education and age where identified as the factors positively affecting smoking cessation and where adjusted in order to make the effect of coffee consumption clearer. Coffee and alcohol Correlations between coffee consumption and alcohol consumption are mostly explained by ones attitude towards health. Therefore, usually alcohol drinkers are less concerned by their health and on average consume more coffee than non-drinkers.Researches by Talcott et al. and Stevenson et al. prove this statement as according to their findings, alcohol drinkers were 1. 52 times more likely to drink coffee. Schwarz et al. investigated even further and researched the relation between different alcohol drinks with coffee and tea consumption in a sample of 2400 respondents aged from twenty five to sixty four. The findings of the authors revealed that among beer, wine and other beverages only wine had a positive correlation with coffee consumption. Again the above studies have some limitations as some of them o not reveal the health conditions of the respondents. As mentioned above health is a serious d eterminant that can affect both alcohol intake and coffee consumption. Furthermore, self-administered meanspiriteds of collecting information were used. Therefore, the collected data might be prone to bias. Coffee and material activity The majority of the reviewed surveys associated high coffee consumption with low physical activity. According to the research by Hewlett et al. less coffee consumption was associated with being young and a less than healthy lifestyle. Thune et al. onducted a survey with more than 10000 respondents that indicated that both males and females with sedentary jobs consumed more coffee than those that were physically more active. Therefore, coffee consumption may be associated with less leisure time activities and a sedentary job. It is important to mention the work of Mosdol et al. that researched how the changes in coffee consumption affected ones physical activity. The respondents were placed in three convocations by coffee consumption. The first t hrong didnt drink coffee at all, the second consumed 1 to 3 cups per day and the third group drank at least 4 cups.Furthermore, 3 physical activity level groups were established. The results revealed that those participants that increased the amount of cups consumed per day were less likely to do physical exercise. Therefore, the higher is the coffee intake, the less physically active an individual is. From the methodological point of view, the limitations of the mentioned above surveys where again connected to the fact that mostly the participants were asked to self-report their levels of physical activity and coffee consumption. Furthermore, the studies researched the relation between the two variables at a single point of time.All of the limitations combined make it hard to identify the real radio link between coffee consumption and physical activity. Coffee and Income It is evident that the relation between coffee consumption and income varies from region to region. Therefore, coffee consumption in some states comprises a significantly lower proportion of total consumption in comparison with other countries. Hewlett et al. (1990) identified that the income elasticity is positive and less than one for all of the goods investigated (coffee, tea, alcohol). Interestingly, the study by Varun et al. evealed that urban households purchase a larger amount of coffee and tea in contrast to rural households. Furthermore, total family income plays a more significant role in consumer decisions in urban areas, whereas family size was the major factor in rural areas. Conclusion Based on the reviewed literature most important coffee consumption determinants were identified. Therefore, a significant correlation between smoking and coffee consumption was found. Additional research revealed that smokers on average consume more than non-smokers and those who quit smoking.Furthermore, the probability of smoking relapse was higher for those ex-smokers that consumed a higher am ount of caffeine. The biological relation between coffee metabolism and smoking was recognized as one of the factors to explain the correlation. Coffee consumption and alcohol intake were linked to an individuals personal healthcare choices. Therefore, high consumption of alcohol was correlated with an unhealthy lifestyle and consequently, with a higher consumption of coffee. Unhealthy lifestyle was also proved to be the factor relating coffee intake with lower physical activity.Income and coffee consumption were proven to change from region to region, with people in urban areas with higher incomes drinking more coffee in comparison with the people in rural areas. Most importantly, a research gap was found. As can be seen from the above review, none of the researchers investigated coffee consumption patterns in Uzbekistan and almost none of them investigated university students coffee consumption behavior. Therefore, it is important to fulfill this gap and conduct a survey of coffee consumption patterns among students in Uzbekistan.However, due to the scarcity of resources this research will focus on the coffee consumption determinants in Westminster International University in Tashkent (WIUT). Research question What are the main coffee consumption determinants for the students of the Westminster International University in Tashkent? Research objectives * To identify the main factors affecting coffee consumption behavior of WIUT students * To discover whether the findings about the positive relation between smoking and coffee consumption are applicable to WIUT tudents * To interpret the discovered relations between key determinants and coffee consumption Methodology Research approach and design During the research a quantitative approach was implemented. Given (2008) describes a quantitative research as an confirmable investigation of a social phenomenon by the use of statistical, mathematical or computational techniques. Usually a quantitative approach is ap plied when it is necessary to statistically describe and test relations between certain variables and examine cause effect relations.A descriptive (correlational) survey was used to collect primary data to describe the population. The descriptive survey interprets the relationships among a set of variables to develop trends and patterns in the data. Variables in this kind of a survey are not manipulated and are studied as they occur. The survey obtains data from a population sample by means of self-report, when participants respond to a number of questions identified by the researcher. In the catamenia research, information was gathered by the use of self-administered questionnaires distributed online and individually for each participant.A descriptive quantitative approach was applied because it helps to identify the causes of the interrelations in the variables. The main advantage of the employed approach is precision that is achieved through reliable quantitative measurement, wh en the collected data is not manipulated. However, there are some limitations due to the objectivity of self-reports, as respondents may provide the researcher with unauthentic information that is not accurate. Research settingThe study was conducted at the Westminster International University in Tashkent that is located in the highly dense urban area in the center of the capital of Uzbekistan. Approximately 1700 students and 90 teachers attend the university. The majority of the students are locals aged from 17 to 25, most of which are a registered in the Facebook social network. Study population and sample A population is a set of all the elements that come within the study sample criteria. The sampling word form consisted of young adults aged 17 to 23 that are full-time bachelors degree students who study on levels 3, 4, 5 or 6 of the university.Masters degree students and teachers were not included in the compile as they represent an older age group that does not fit into the aim of the research to study consumption patterns among students. Due to the lack of time, resources and the impossibility of implementation, the census approach, when data is collected from everyone in the population,was excluded from the research. Instead, the simple random sampling approach was applied. Under this approach the sample is collected by randomly choosing the respondents from the sampling frame.The simple random sampling approach was used because the research sample size was equal to 300, the sample frame was easily accessible via the computer database, and interactions with the respondents were not an issue. The sample size decisions were based on a 95% confidence level that the data represents the characteristics of the whole population and the 3-5% acceptable margin of error that expresses the amount of random sampling error in the results. According to the optimal sample size calculations and the table adapted from Saunders et al. (2003, p. 56) and assume a 100% response rate the optimal sample size was identified to be equal to 300. The collected sample was compared with the student statistics from the university and was provento represent the characteristics of the university population. Data Collection Data collection instrument A self-administered questionnaire was chosen as the data collection instrument for the research. A typical questionnaire is usually a mean of collecting primary data and consists of a series of questions that are aimed at accumulation information from the respondents.The decision to apply questionnaires as a data gathering tool was made largely due to the following factors * High response rates as the questionnaires were distributed online via social networks and distributed to the respondents to complete and were consequently collected personally by the researcher * Less time and resources to administer, as all of the online replies where automatically monitored and both online and manual responses wereprocesse d by computer software * Anonymity, as the respondents personal identification expand (e. g. ame, student ID, etc) were not required * Less prone to bias as they were presented in a consistent manner * Most of the questions were closed, which made further statistical analysis easier However, the main disadvantage from the self-administered questionnaire is that it might not reflect the true state of the respondent and valuable information might be lost as the answers are usually brief. The questionnaire was conducted in English and consisted of two sections. Section 1 was aimed at getting demographic data such as age, gender, education years, religion, etc.Section 2 mostly consisted of closed questions and was aimed at determining ones coffee consumption habits and related information. The examples of the questionnaire with instructions on how to complete it areprovided in Appendix 1. Data collection procedure The questionnaires were distributed in two ways * Via social networks su ch as Facebook and Odnoklassniki * Personally to respondents at the university In order to avoid resemblance in the online and manual responses, the sample was divided into two groups by study level.Therefore, the first group, consisting of level 5 and level 6 students was questioned online, whereas the level 3 and 4 students were asked to fill manual questionnaires. The data was collected in a one month expiration. Reliability and validity Reliability Reliability is a measure of consistency with which an instrument, in the case of the current research a questionnaire measures the attributes it was designed to measure. Therefore, a questionnaire may be assumed to be reliable if it will give the same results when applied to the same group of people.The questionnaire was firstly pretested on a group of 50 people that answered the questionnaire twice in different environments, the results revealed consistency in responses. The two sets of responses can were compared statistically emp loy leaden Kappafor categorical data and Spearmans Rank Correlation Coefficient for continuous data. However, it is important to minimize measurement errors related to reliability. Hence, data collector bias was trim down by allocating two researchers to be the only ones to manage the questionnaire.The environment where data was gathered was made comfortable by ensuring silence, privacy and confidentiality for the respondents. Validity In contrast to reliability validity is a measure of how a questionnaire is employed and refers the extent to which the questionnaire represents studied variables. In order to ensure validity, the questionnaire was based on the review of literature. In addition, all questionnaires distributed manually were delivered by the appointed administering researchers.Furthermore, the questions were formulated in a simple language to assure clarity, guidelines were provided in order to ensure the ease of fellow feeling the questions. The manual questionnaires were completed in the presence of the researchers to make sure that the questionnaires were not filled by third parties. However, it was hard to administer this aspect of the online questionnaire as the researchers were uneffective to monitor the process of filling. Ethical considerations In order to protect the human rights of the respondents, ethical aspects of the research were taken into consideration.Therefore, before handling in the questionnaire the researchers informed the participants about the aims of the study. Anonymity and confidentiality were maintained, as the personal information of the respondents was not disclosed, and the collected information was kept confidential. Self-determination was sustained by providing the respondents with a choice on whether to figure in the research or not. Scientific honesty, being an important ethical part of the research was also maintained as the researchers and analysts did not manipulate, change or alter the collected data.Concl usion The research implemented a descriptive, quantitative approach. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from 300 respondents on the territory of the Westminster International University in Tashkent. The sample included young adults aged 17 to 23 studying on the levels 3,4,5 and 6 of the university. Reliability, validity and ethical considerations were taken into account while administering the research. Data descriptive statistics and results are shown in accede 1. Variable Observations Mean Std. Dev. Min Max ID 297 149 85. 8073 1 297 age 297 20. 60269 3. 388732 16 40 gender 297 . 5454545 . 49877 0 1 marital 297 . 0909091 . 287965 0 1 ethnicity 297 . 8855219 . 3189284 0 1 religion 296 . 9054054 . 2931498 0 1 city 296 . 7668919 . 4235265 0 1 educyears 296 13. 93581 2. 639838 4 45 Montly Income 195 575451. 3 1027561 0 1. 00e+07 choke 294 . 452381 . 4985759 0 1 Smoke 297 . 2255892 . 4186752 0 1 free rein 296 . 7466216 . 4356823 0 1 Dri nking Coffee 297 . 8114478 . 3918127 0 1 Coffee consumption 283 27. 9929 34. 79035 0 225 Price Coffee 266 3449. 286 4854. 957 0 18000 Weather 296 . 5067568 . 500801 0 1 Morning 296 . 5236486 . 5002862 0 1 Food 296 . 5101351 . 5007438 0 1 Winter 294 . 5816327 . 4941322 0 1 Company 296 . 5236486 . 5002862 0 1 ln Income 131 13. 26666 . 8222373 11. 51293 16. 1181 LN Coffee 259 2. 844612 1. 142757 0 5. 416101 LN Price 242 7. 805468 . 9738078 2. 302585 11. 0021 prototype 1 The sample collected was used with the help of the STATA statistical and econometrical tool.Qualitative data representing dummy up variables as religion, ethnicity, employment status, smoking habits, sport, marital status and all other vectors of dummy variables were transformed to quantitative data. The list of dummy variables and their quantitative meaning is represent in Figure 2. Variable Observations Represented as 1 Represented as 0 gender 297 Male Female marital 297 Married undivided/Widow eth nicity 297 Asian Other religion 296 Muslim Other city 296 Tashkent Other Work 294 Employed Unemployed Smoke 297 Smoker Non-smokerSport 296 Sport Non-sport Drinking Coffee 297 Coffee Drinker Non-coffee drinker Weather 296 Weather Influence Weather doesnt sour Morning 296 Morning hours preffered No alternative over time Food 296 Coffee consumed with food No preference regarding food Winter 294 Winter time preffered No preferene over time Figure 2 As descriptive statistics show, the sample number was decreased to 297 due to the exclusion of some answers with irrelevant and unreal results, i. e. , those surveys that were spoiled by giving quaint high levels of coffee consumption or income.Mean income of a WIUT students was estimated to be 575451 UZS with the standard deviation of 1072000 UZS to both sides. Again, such a big dispersion indicates low reliability of the data that will be discussed further. The composition of the sample regarding gender, as well as with r espect to age grouping and ethnicity is shown in Figures 3 to 8. Figure 4. Employment Status Figure 4. Employment Status Figure 3. Gender Distribution Figure 3. Gender Distribution Figure 6. piety Figure 6. theology Figure 5. Smoking habits Figure 5. Smoking habits Figure 8. Age distribution Figure 8. Age distribution Figure 7. Active lifestyle Figure 7.Active Lifestyle Estimation and Results Estimations were found using the method of weighted least squares and finding corresponding coefficients for respective variables. In order to avoid the problem of heteroscedascity, racy method of weighted least squares instead ordinary least squares method was applied. Nevertheless, in order to show the diversity between ordinary least squares and weighted least squares methods both models were used in the results section. In Regression 1 Ordinary least Squares Method was employed, while Regression 2 used the Weighted Least Squares Robust method to avoid the problem of heteroscedascity.Fur thermore, due to the existence of zero-expenditures problem in some cases and not giving accurate information regarding income of students all income information was respectively changed to logarithmic scale. Moreover, since coffee consumption is discrete, it was also changed to logarithmic scale in order to avoid zero expenditure problems during estimation. Therefore, the final model of weighted least squares model can be shown by the following function. lncoffee= ? +? logincome+jik+? where k is the j number of dummy variables such as city, ethnicity, education, gender, employment status, smokers and other variables draw before.As it was said usage of the logarithmic scale helps to avoid the issues associated with zero expenditure. Results. The following table shows estimates for both models using Weighted Least Squares and Ordinary Least Squares (Robust) methods. The difference between two model is not cardinal. The most obvious difference is in the estimations of standard error, since usage of the robust method gives smaller standard errors. Results found a vivid relationship between active lifestyle (sport) and drinking coffee. People who do sports tend to consume less coffee than those leading a less active lifestyle.Furthermore, estimations revealed an interesting correlation for those individuals that are single. In this case, as it was said earlier dummy variable 1 represents a married person. blackball coefficient for marital status indicates that on average married people consume less coffee than singles or widows. In this case the reference group was singles and both coefficients were significant at 99% confidence level, rejecting null hypothesis that marital status and sport activities do not relate to coffee consumption among students of WIUT. Regression 1 Regression 2 coef se coef seAge 0,039 0,027 0,039* 0,022 Gender(1/0) -0,102 0,205 -0,102 0,218 Marital status (1/0) -0,894*** 0,319 -0,894*** 0,269 Ethnicity 0,163 0,294 0,163 0,252 Religion 0,117 0,336 0,117 0,253 City where you were born -0,263 0,219 -0,263 0,209 Education years (school+ lyceum +university) -0,007 0,042 -0,007 0,047 Do you have a part-time or full-time work? 0,263 0,190 0,263 0,224 Do you smoke? 0,158 0,244 0,158 0,238 Do you do sport? -0,611*** 0,207 -0,611*** 0,198 Does weather influence your decision to drink coffee? 0,170 0,186 0,170 0,203 Do you prefer to drink coffee in morning hours (700 to 1100) or in any other t 0,159 0,198 0,159 0,234 Do you usually drink coffee with food/ eat? 0,212 0,175 0,212 0,180 Do you drink more coffee during winter or any other period? -0,239 0,207 -0,239 0,234 logincome 0,230* 0,121 0,230* 0,122 _cons -0,730 1,539 -0,730 1,551 Number of observations 119 119 Adjusted R2 0,136 0,136 note *** p0. 01, ** p0. 05, * p0. 1 With a smaller confidence level, the importance of income was proved.In this case, positive coefficient of logincome with respect to logcoffee indicates that increase in income tend to result in an increase in coffee consumption. Furthermore, application of logarithmic scale as it was mentioned earlier, helped to avoid zero-expenditure problems, however shrank the available size of the sample down from 297 to 119. This occurred due to the responses of the participants who didnt give correct responses on the income questions. Interestingly enough, results for age were important at 90% confidence interval while applying the robust method of standard error calculation.All other dummy variables including weather, consumption of coffee with snack, employment status, city, religion are concluded to be insignificant. Conclusion and Recommendations As estimations have indicated some significant results were obtained particularly concerning the research proposal in determination of coffee consumption behavior at WIUT. Mainly, the importance of income and marital status, with sedentary lifestyle proved that WIUT students coffee consumption pattern and addictions were quite alike(p) to those revealed in the study by Zavela.The difference and usefulness of the results nevertheless might not be as good as it might have been in the case of a broader and better collected sample. First of all, collection of data not via survey, but corresponding actual spending on coffee and finding out total monthly expenditure would have been such(prenominal) more appropriate for the analysis. In that case, reliability of the data would be guaranteed and more precise results might be obtained. Also, quite limited and more or less similar population of WIUT population cant be interpreted as proxy for any Uzbekistan university students, or even for Tashkent city students.In order for the sample to be more representative data from each university should be collected using not a self-administered survey, but more fundamental methods. However, considering high constitute and the lack of time, sufficient data collection might be a hard problem. Bibliography - Brice C. F. and Smith A. P. (2002). Factors associated with caffeine consumption. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 53, 55-64. Current cosmopolitan Annual Coffee Consumption per capita. (n. d. ). ChartsBin. com Visualize your data. Retrieved March 11, 2013, from http//chartsbin. om/view/581 Fernandez E. , Vecchia C. L. , Avanzo B. D. , Braga C. , Negri E. and Franceschi S. (1997). Quitting smoking in Northern Italy A cross-sectional analysis of 2621 subjects. European Journal of Epidemiology, 13, 267-273. Given, L. M. (2008). The clear-sighted encyclopedia of qualitative research methods. Los Angeles, Calif. Sage Publications. - Hewlett, P. , & Wadsworth, E. (2013). Tea, coffee and associated lifestyle factors. British Food Journal,114(3), 416-427. - John K. Francis. Coffeaarabica L. RUBIACEAE.Factsheet of U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Retrieved 2007-07-27. - Kauffman R. M. , Ferketich A. K. , Wee A. G. , Shultz J. M. , Kuun P. and Wewers M. E. (2008). Factors ass ociated with smokeless tobacco plant cessation in an Appalachian population. Addictive Behaviors, 33, 821-830. - Klesges R. C. , Ray J. W. and Klesges L. M. (1994). Caffeinated coffee and tea intake and its relationship to cigarette smoking An analysis of the second national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES II).Journal of Substance Abuse, 6, 407-418. Koksal, A. , Wohlgenant, M. (2011). RATIONALLY ADDICTED TO CIGARETTES, ALCOHOL AND COFFEE? A PSEUDO PANEL APPROACH . Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, North Carolina State University,1, 1-21. Krall E. A. , Garvey A. J. and Garcia R. I. (2002). Smoking relapse after 2 years of abstinence findings from the VA normative aging study. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 4, 95-100. Krall E. A. , Garvey A. J. and Garcia R. I. (2002). Smoking relapse after 2 years of abstinence findings from the VA normative aging study.Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 4, 95-100. - Matter, S. (n. d. ). Coffee in Uzbekistan. Global Mark et Research and Analysis for Industries, Countries, and Consumers. Retrieved March 11, 2013, from http//www. euromonitor. com/coffee-in-uzbekistan/report Mosdol A. , Christenseen B. , Retterstol L. and Thelle D. S. (2002). Induced changes in the consumption of coffee alter ad libitum dietary intake and physical activity level. British Journal of Nutrition, 87, 261-266. Salazar-Martinez E. , Willett W. C. , Ascherio A. Manson J. E. , Leitzmann M. F. , Stampfer M. J. and Hu F. B. (2004). Coffee consumption and risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Annals of Internal Medicine, 140, 1-8. Saunders, M. (2003). Research methods for business students. Harlow, England New York Prentice Hall. Schwarz B. , Bischof H. P. and Kunze M. (1994). Coffee, Tea and Lifestyle. Preventive Medicine, 23, 377-384 Stevenson J. S. and Masters J. A. (2005). Predictors misuse and abuse in older women. Journal of nurse Scholarship, 37(4), 329-335. Talcott G. W. , Poston W. S. C. II and Haddock C. K. (1998).Co-occu rrent use of cigarettes, alcohol, and caffeine in a retired military population. Military Medicine, 163, 133-138. Thune I. , Njolstad I. , Lochen M. L. and Forde O. H. (1998). Physical activity improves the metabolic risk profiles in men and women. history of Internal Medicine, 158, 1633-1640. - VARUN, T. (2008). CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOUR OF COFFEE AND TEA IN KARNATAKA. Thesis submitted to the University of Agricultural Sciences,1, 1-95. Appendix 1 Questionnaire instructions. For the researchers when introducing the survey to the respondents Dear Mr/Ms __________As a part of our coursework on Research Methods, we were assigned to conduct a research on coffee consumption among students in WIUT. As part of the research we composed a questionnaire in order to identify your coffee consumption patterns. The questionnaire is anonymous and confidential. No personal information is required. Could you please take your time and answer the questions 1 to 16? Instructions on how to complete the que stionnaire The questionnaire is confidential. No name or ID is required. Please fill in the personal information box first. Pay attention to the guidelines in the brackets after the questions.In the education years line please fill in the years you spent at school, lyceum or university either combined or separately. Yes/No questions have an additional field for commentaries. Fill in the comments section only if you have any additional information to share. Coffee questionnaire The questionnaire is confidential. No name or ID is required. Please fill in the personal information box first. Pay attention to the guidelines in the brackets after the questions. In the education years line please fill in the years you spent at school, lyceum or university either combined or separately.Yes/No questions have an additional field for commentaries. Fill in the comments section only if you have any additional information to share. Personal information Age Gender (Male/Female) Marital status (Married/Single) Ethnicity Religion City where you were born Education years (school+ lyceum +university) Monthly income (in UZS) Criteria Yes/No Comments 1 Do you have a part-time or full-time work? Yes No 2 Do you smoke? Yes No 3 Do you do sport? Yes No 4 Do you drink coffee? YesNo 5 How much coffee do you consume per month? (in cups) 6 How much do you usually pay for a cup of coffee? (UZS per cup) 7 How much are you willing to pay for a cup of coffee? (UZS per cup) 8 Does weather influence your decision to drink coffee? Yes No 9 Do you prefer to drink coffee in morning hours (700 to 1100) or in any other time? ( Yes for morning hours, No for any other) Yes No 10 Other than coffee, which hot/cold beverages do you regularly purchase? 11 How much do you usually pay for a cup of tea? UZS per cup) 12 How much are you willing to pay for a cup of tea? (UZS per cup) 13 Do you usually drink coffee with food/snack? (Yes if you do, No if you dont) Yes No 14 Do you drink coffee during winter or any other period? (Yes for Winter, No for other) Yes No 15 Do you usually drink coffee while you are with friends/company or alone? (Yes with friends/company, No alone) Yes No 16 Do you prefer university coffee or any other coffee outside? ( Yes for university, No for outside) Yes No Any other comments

Fiction Essay: A Good Man Is Hard To Find Essay

The choices that we make determine who we truly are. The immense pressure of certain situations in which we are faced will ultimately differentiate the example person that we think we are, from the kind of person that we actually are. In the short story A expert Man Is Hard To Find Author Flannery OConnor tells a story ab off a family that includes a Grandmother and her superficial beliefs. The family ultimately crosses paths with The Misfit that is on the loose, who represents the total opposite of what the granny knot is perceived to be.OConner uses the portraying of both the Misfit and the grandmother throughout the plot in order to discontinue the theme of this piece which is achieved when the grandmother is finally brought to grace. In the start of the piece OConner brings the reader into a conversation that is taking place between the grandmother and her only son Bailey. The family is planning a trip to Florida in which the Grandmother is strongly opposed. She attempts to find every(prenominal) reason that she can possibly come up with to convince her son to change the destination of the trip from Florida to Tennessee.Throughout the story the grandmother gives the impression that she is a figure of grace, dignity and p put overthrowige. Although she did not want to attend the trip she is the first person in the car the next morning, ready to go. She is change very carefully because she sees herself as lady who is very polite and astute and she must be seen by others in the same populacener. She also takes advantage of every opportunity to correct her grandchildren when making remarks that are less than courteous.When the children see the black child sitting on the porch they begin to giggle, she quickly reminds them that black children in the terra firma dont have the things we do. She tries to teach the children to respect the land in their native state of Georgia when the children try to throw trash out the window of the car and June Star mak es the comment that Tennessee is a hillbilly dumping ground and Georgia is a lousy state too. The grandmother again hisses at June Star when she makes the impolite statement that I wouldnt live in a broken dget place like this for a million bucks. integrity of the ways that OConner characterized the grandmother is being manipulative. Knowing what to do and say in order for her to achieve whatever it was that she wanted. An example of this being true is by her sneaking the cat into the car against her sons wishes. Another is after the family had left The Tower and she manipulated the children into believing that the house she wanted to visit had a secluded a panel. After getting the children riled up about the secret panel they nagged until Bailey finally had no choice to provided to turn around and go down the deserted dirt road.After traveling down this dirt road a while the grandmother realizes that the house that she remembered was in Tennessee. As she comes to this acknowledg ement the cat springs out and frightens Bailey and he drives the car over the embankment. The grandmother hopes that she is injured so that her son will have sympathy for her and she would not have to reveal her mistaking the location of the house. OConner has used the characterization of the grandmother and her family as well as the plot to this point in order to give an mark of what type of person the grandmother is based off her actions.A man with two others arrived in a car and they got out and to help the family. The grandmother reveals that the man is The Misfit that she had seen in the newspaper. It seems as if the misfits attention had suddenly reverted from assisting the family to now killing the family based on her recognition of him. The Misfit has Hiram and Bobby Lee to take Bailey and John Wesley out to the woodwind first because they could be the most troublesome of the bunch. Shortly after, they take the mother and her baby into the woods and June star takes Bobby L ees hand and follows.As state in Flannery OConnors Spoiled Prophet written by T. W. Hendricks, the family members enter the fatal woods without resisting. This is said to be because they are accustomed to doing what is evaluate of them. They are not capable of acting on their own interest because none of them truly know who they are. The only exception to this being the grandmother who is considered to be a round character whose personality has been fully developed throughout the story. While Bobby Lee and Hiram are in the process of murdering the rest of her family she is pleading with the Misfit to apparent her life.He rejects all of her attempts to talk him out of his murderous intentions. The story then goes on to the duel, what OConner considers to be the theme of the story. This conflict is between the grandmothers belief that she is morally superior to everyone, and the misfits close examination of his life as well as his self awareness that he is not a ripe man. This cri tical part of the story takes place during the dialogue that ensues between the misfit and the grandmother. The grandmother insists that the misfit is too good a man to shoot a lady.With this attempt to deport her own life she is appealing the decency of the man. The grandmother tells his that I know you must come from nice people. He says that he does come from the finest people in the world, but the he is not a good man. The grandmother begins to lose her voice as she realizes that her son and grandson were killed and that her daughter in law as well the rest of her grandchildren were about to be killed, and that she would soon follow. The misfit goes on to explain to the grandmother that Jesus has thrown everything off balance.He compared himself to Jesus in the sense that he had been penalise but hadnt committed any crimes. The Fact that Jesus was also able to know what he was being punished for ate at him because he had no idea what he was being punished for. He had come to the conclusion that the punishments that he had gone through did not fit the crime that he was accused of. The grandmother repeatedly urged the Misfit to pray. Praying would not help the misfit because he doesnt see what he has done as being a sin. The misfit believes that there is no hope for a good life in this world or any hope for bliss in the next life.He says that its secret code for you to do but enjoy the few minutes you got left the best way you canby killing somebody or burning down his house or doing some other meanness to him. This is considered to be the Misfits motivation for him committing these murders. The grandmother sees something in the Misfit that makes him like one of her own children, one of her sheep that have only strayed off course. The grandmother reaches out to touch the misfit both spiritually and physically but instead of breaking down, the misfit jumps back and flame 3 shots into her chest.OConner intended for the grandmothers last moments to be led by grace. In the end she was personally connected with the misfit and genuinely concerned about him as a person. It is this connection to being compared to a child that the misfit takes issue with. He mistakes her gesture for a form of belittlement. In the short story A Good Man Is Hard To Find the characters, characterization of the characters, the occurrences throughout the plot as well as the conflict are all literary elements critical to stretchiness the final coming to grace theme of the story.

Narrative Essay — The Birth of my Daugher

It was twenty-four hours like any other day, one that revolved well-nigh me and my wants and needs, hardly all that was about to change. The sun was shining through my bedroom window of the small two bedroom apartment that was shared between me and my roommate. The day was a nice enough day for all to enjoy. With temperatures in the 80s and not a cloud in the beautiful Carolina blue sky, who wouldnt want to enjoy a day like that? Not me. Not when I was nine months pregnant, with only seven days till dooms day and whale (yep, spelled it that way on purpose) past the 25-35 pounds raise by my doctor that I should gain.I was sick from not being able to stomach even the thought of food, which was unusual for me and was jut outing to pee some hurt in my abdomen scarcely had brushed it off, thinking it was due to the nausea. It didnt treat long to realize that the baby I was carrying was ready to meet me when the back pain started to become regular and much intense. As I laid on t he beautifully crafted gold and burgundy comforter that was spread over my bed, I started to fell storm in my lower back. It was as if soulfulness was taking dull knives and running them deep in to my muscles along the top of my tailbone.There was no doubting the fact that my crunch had started when I got up and noticed that same elegant comforter was right off forever stained. My water had broke causing the pains to bring me to my knees. With tears in my eyes, I was ready for some relief from the pain and wanted to ride to the hospital in order to get an epideral(wonderful things that make you numb from the waist down). It didnt take long to get to the hospital, especially since the ride was in an ambulance. Thanks to my roommate who dialed 911 in a moment of panic hers not mine, she deemed it necessary to dail 911 and request assistance.If that is what you would border a request, screaming at the top of your lungs at the 911 dispatcher. The pain had become unbearable and I w as forever thankful when I was told by the mid-wife that it was time to start pushing the baby out. Two minutes later at 1237pm on a bright Tuesday afternoon, my daughter was born. She seemed so small and fragile but the effect was immeasurable. Lynssa Grace Girma Adugna, 6lbs. 5oz. 20 1/5in. Her hair was so shiny that it looked brown with touches of gold thrown in here and there. Her eyes were such a deep, dark blue that they look like the ocean at night.She was breathtaking. When our eyes met for the first time I felt my heart skip a beat. As I held that tiny bundle, that was just as such(prenominal) a part of me as I was a part of her, my mind was in awe of how much I immediately felt such an overwhelming amount of love for her. The kind of love that I felt in that moment was instant and was more intense then any emotion I had every felt. I never knew that this kind of love was possible, to be able to love something or someone the way that I loved her. I knew then that I would g o to any lengths to make her happy and to give her everything that she every needed.I swore to give her my absolute scoop and I meant every word. My entire existence had been meaningless up until then, or at least everything I had every accomplished felt like it failed in comparison to her, my daughter. I had never knew that there was an emptiness in my heart until this completeness replaced where there once was a void. When my daughter came home the real world begun. I traded nights with the girls for a night with the most important girl, and nights out with friends, to midnight feedings and diaper changes. These times were stressful without a doubt.Although all I needed to make them worth the institute was a glimpse of her smile. Which she would give while she was sleeping. I am told that babies are dreaming about angels when they smile like that. These late nights were hard to handle when they were followed with beforehand(predicate) morning wake up calls which gave way to a m orning full of much needed errands. My life was no longer my own. Life now circled around this tiny little human which I was trusted to take care of . Before Lynssa came along, I was not the one who you could find in a church pew on Sunday. You did good to see me on the holidays such as Christmas and Easter for that matter.Now that I was responsible for someone elses mortal soul, it seemed very important to get back in church and to teach her the same values that were instilled in me. So now you can be sure where to find me on Sunday. I wanted to be sure to incorporate Christian values and beliefs into my shavers heart and mind, and the only way to do that was to but them back into mine. Even though my child is very young and not likely to remember these times, somehow I still believe that it is important to behave a certain way. I too changed not only my outlook on life but also my outward appearance as well.I begin thinking in ways that would have never come to mind before had my daughter never been born into this world. There was not only the fact that I was a mother now that changed me but also the fact that I was the mother of an impressionable young girl was what affected me in a way that I never though possible. I wanted her to be everything that was good and right about me and none of what was wrong with me. I decided that the best way to teach her these things was to lead by example, and with a little hope and a lot a prayers she would follow. I needed to be the mother that my child could be proud of.Nobodys perfect and I sure do have a long way to go before I can even be close to being where I want to be in life. I am still learning. Learning new things everyday. Changing for the better a little everyday is my goal. To always be that person, striving to be the best mom, wife, daughter, sister, friend and student that I can possibly be. Thats who I am. I would never be the person that I am today if I had not received an award so great as that of mo therhood. Word do not express how thankful I am everyday when I see my daughter is growing and becoming a little lady.